The term Microkernel indicates a certain code (or software) that maintains the least number of functions and instructions to implement an operating system. A microkernel must be able to handle basic mechanisms of the system, thus having a flexible base to build the entire operating system upon.
The term monolithic kernel refers to that part of the operating system that manages a complete access to I/O devices, memory, hardware interrupts and CPU stack. This type of kernel tends to be larger than other typologies, because it integrates many functions at the same level.
A monolithic kernel is at the basis of operating systems like Unix, Linux, macOS and DOS.
Don't be Evil is an internal Google standard conceived by Paul Buccheit and Amit Patel with the goal of promoting a corporate culture where client satisfaction and long term benefits are to be preferred to short-term profit.
ZOPE is the acronym of Z Object Publishing Environment and indicates an open source Web Server developed in Python, which allows developers to craft Web applications. The platform comes with all basic components already installed and it's structured in such a way to store templates, scripts and contents database in a single solution.
The term Random Forest refers to a construct used in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. Specifically, it's a set of decision trees that outputs the sum of single trees.
The term Bezel describes the external chassis of a computer, monitor or other device. The valutation of the bezel's size is fundamental when designing the object and when the users uses it, like in the case of tablets, smartphones and mobile devices.
The acronym CPM, which stands for Critical Path Method, is an algorithm to plan and schedule objects that have several activities and require complex and dependant interactions. This tool is very useful to catalog critical tasks and minimize conflicts and bottlenecks.
RSA cryptography is a data cryptography technique developed by RSA Data Security that leverages a public key system. The system itself relies on the complexity to factor very large prime numbers, even with humongous computational resources. On the other hand, with the public key-private key pair, the encryption/decryption process can be very fast.
RSA is the standard used to encrypt data with public keys, in particular with Internet.
Green Computing refers to the eco-friendly and responsible usage of computers. In practical terms, this concepts is about the study, planning and realization of computing environments and devices that minimize their environmental impact.
The term Stream Cipher describes a data encryption technique where all bits that represent a clear text are processed in an independet manner, using diferend encryption keys from time to time. This pseudo-random encryption technique is also known as "state cipher" and can use an infinite number of "cipher digits" for each key.
The term Backscatter describes an unwanted effect related to spam emails which involves the email server to generate error emails as a consequence of the failed attempt to send spam emails with addresses of unaware users due to a hacked situation. The most common case is to receive error message like "can't deliver the message..", even if the user hasn't purposely sent the email.
The term Hash Chain describes an encryption mode where a ciphering function (or hashing, indeed) is applied several times on a set of data. This technique is very useful in situations where you want to avoid to identify the original set of data.
The term Cold Migration can be used when talking about virtualization or in a general context with any IT system that has to be migrated from an infrastructure to another. Specifically, the adjective Cold is used to precise that the operation must be done with a powered off system, be it a physical server or a Virtual Machine.
The term Data Breach indicates a situation where data is leaked or stolen from an IT infrastructure, as in hacking attack to servers, databases, etc.. This term describe a large number of cases ranging from a planned theft to the loss of data due to security problems or misfunctioning of servers. In its wider usage, it also covers cases of theft/loss of physical devices with confidential data.
The term Hop Count defines the total numbers of hops, ie networks devices, that a packet of data must come across in order to travel the entire patch from source to destination. Hop count is fundamental metric to evaluate distancies of traffic in a network.
In the context of Web applications, the term Base URL indicates the 'base' position from where to consider path related to content and elements of the application.
The term Object Storage identifies a storage architecture that, unlike the classic hieararchical approach of traditional file systems, uses an object structure. Objects are autonomous entities composed by actual data, metadata which describe their characteristics and by a unique ID. Practical examples of Object Storage are IaaS storage services like Dropbox, Google Drive, OneDrive, etc..
HVM with PV drivers defines an hybrid virtualization technique that leverages hardware-assisted virtualization (Intel VT-x and AMD-V instructions) to manage memory and CPU operations, while network and storage accesses continue to work in emulated mode. With modern processors this is often the winning choice, for it offers a better flexibility with an almost imperceptible decrease in I/O performances.
The acronym UAT stands for User Acceptance Testing and decribes the final part of software development. In this phase the product is given to users of a sample with the aim of simulating a real usage and determining a behaviour in a realistic scenario.
HVM stands for Hardware Virtual Machine and defines a type of virtualization used by Xen which consists in a full emulation of a PC, including processor, video card, disk controller, network interfaces, etc.. HVM virtualization is the most flexible virtualization technique, yet it penalizes performances for every operation must be simulated via software.
The Storage Spaces Direct (S2D) technology is a new feature of Windows Server 2016, available only with the Datacenter version. It requires at least 2 nodes with 2 SSDs and 4 additional disks each in order to work. The peculiarity of this system is the capability of using hosts with integrated storage (SATA, SAS or NVMe) instead of external ad-hoc solutions to realize an overall secure, scalable and high performing system. In its broader configuration, S2D can work with 16 hosts and up to 400 drives for a total storage capacity in the order of the Petabyte, with disks hot-add capability. Communication between nodes requires 10GbE network hardware with remote-direct memory access (RDMA).
Resilient File System (ReFS) is the new file system by Microsoft introduced in Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 (and 8.1 as a consequence), which finally comes to a stable version in Server 2016. It was born to optimize data management and guarantee integrity and persistence to damages, even in the case of large data sets and regardless of the underlying hardware structure. Key points of ReFS are integrity, availability, scalability and proactive correction of errors.
A Zombie VM is a virtual machines with issues (subtle, most times) that provoke an anomalous resource usage of the host it runs on, also after being detached. A synonym of Zombie VM is Orphan VM.
The term Data Lake comes from the Big Data world and describes a "save everything" approach here each piece of data is stored, be it structured or not. Data Lake represents a large repository composed by data thus collected and easily accessible.
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The term Edge Computing refers, when used in the cloud-based infrastructure sphere, the set of devices and technologies that allows...
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The acronym SoC (System on Chip) describes particular integrated circuit that contain a whole system inside a single physical chip:...
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The acronym PtP (Point-to-Point) indicates point-to-point radio links realized with wireless technologies. Differently, PtMP links connects a single source to...
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Hold Down Timer is a technique used by network routers. When a node receives notification that another router is offline...
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In the field of Information Technology, the term piggybacking refers to situations where an unauthorized third party gains access to...
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Adapter Watch is a tool that shows a complete and detailed report about network cards. Download it here.
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DNS DataView is a graphical-interface software to perform DNS lookup queries from your PC using system-defined DNS, or...
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SolarWinds Traceroute NG is a command line tool to perform advanced traceroute in Windows environment, compared to the...
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GURU advisor will be at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona from February 22nd to 25th 2016!
MWC is one of the biggest conventions about the worldwide mobile market, we'll be present for the whole event and we'll keep you posted with news and previews from the congress.
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